Steel and process for producing same



1': ALI) H. COPLAN, OE OTTAWA, ONTARIO, CADA.

STEEL AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING SAME.

Ito Drawing.

and Processes for Producing Same, of which th following is a specification.

This invention relates more particularly to a method or process of treating certain alloy steels to produce a product which may be readily cast into any desired form and which will resist strain and prevent warping when exposed to heat and acids.

The main or characteristic features of this invention relate to the economical production of low carbon nickel-chrome steel which may be cast in ordinary sand molds.

. The product is suitable for a variety of uses,"

but is particularly adapted for use in the manufacture'of casting where wear and resistance to heatand acids are important factors. Owing to the reduction in the. cost of production ofv such high grade steel by my process, this product may be profitably used for the manufacture of furnace grate construction and preferably provided with a lining oftchrome brick up to the slag line.

bars and I considerthis a special featureof my invention. I

The hightemperature at which the prod- .uct must be heated during the making has heretofore eaten the furnace linin s and, therefore, it has been exceedingly ard to produce the steel as hereinafter mentioned. I remove the oxygen or other gases from the alloy prior to pouring.

'Iethe. operation of my process I prefer an electric furnace of any desired When the furnace is heated to a desired temperature of about 3500 Fahrenheit, steel scrap, preferably of low carbon content, 1s charged thereinto and melted. The carbon is then practically all removed from the charge by the use of preferably. hematite iron ore.

' tically all removed and the s g The silicon; from the steel 01; is pracphosphorus reduced to 0.03% respectively;

The sla tically car nless steel is further treated as hereinafter described. I

A ferro-chrome alloy of relatively high carbon content may be cheaply produced or phur and approm'mately is then removed and the prac Application filed February 7, 1922. Serial No. seem.

bought at low cost, 1 preferably use an alloy with about 7% carbon content and heat it with equal proportions by weight of iron oreor oxidized steel turning's in a furnace for about 24 hours at a temperature of approximately 2500 Fahrenheit. The carbon content of thi alloy is in this way redilced to about 3%.

I now add about 2% of this ferro-chrome to the steel in the furnace and secure a productcontaining a very low percentage of carbon, in this particular case about 0.06% carbon. The percentage of ferro-chrome added may, however, vary but the carbon should not exceed from.- 0.05% to 0.15%. The chromium content of this particular steel is"1.25%, but the chromium may vary between 1.25% and 1.50%. 2% of nickel is now added to the steel.

Much dificulty was encountered in pouring low carbon nickel-chrome or steel into molds, and I. have succeeded in overcoming this difficulty by usin as a scavenger for removing the gases cm the steel 1.5% ferro silicon and 5% of a composition containing aluminum and 50% of ferrotitanium. Owing. to the low Specific gravity of'the aluminum, it is impractical to add it to the steel in powdered form, thus I melt the aluminum and mix with it granular ferro-titanium. This I cast into a pig or in t. Iadd the ferro-silicon to the steel and w en the temperature in the furnace has been raised to 3500" Fahrenheit, by mean of a steel rod, I'plunge the aluminum-titanium ig into the steel. B these means, I have we able to com lete y remove the oxygen and other gases cm the steel which ma now be poured directly into the sand i'nol s and the,casti swil be quite free from holes or dther efects.-

What I claim as new is: I

1. The process of producing steel which consists in melting scrap iron in a furnace;

substantially completely removing the carbon by the use of an oxidizing sla padding such proportion of ferro-chrome, t e carbon content of which has been reduced to aproximately 3%, as will give the steel a carbon content not exceeding 0.15% and a chromium content of 1.25% and adding'2% nickel to the steel, substantially as described. 2. The process of producing low carbon nickel-chrome steel which may be readily cast in sand molds which consists in melting scra iron in a furnace, com letel removing the darbon by the use of he natitg iron ore; removing the slag formed; adding such proportion of ferro-chrome of low carbon content as will give the steel a carbon content of 0.05% to 0.15% and a chromium content of 1.25% adding 2% nickel; purifyi the steel by adding a small percentage of errosilicon and immersing a smallaluminum farm-titanium ingot in the steel at a temperature of 3500 Fahrenheit just prior to casting as herein described.

3. A low carbon nickel-chrome steel which may be readilylcast in sand molds to produce castings whic are strong and resistant to corrosion and heat containing approximatelly carbon 0.10%; chromium 1.25% and nicks 2%. g

4. The process of producing a low carbon nickel-chrome steel vwhich wilLbe readily cast in sand molds con carbon, chromiumand nickel by by adding a small percenta e o ferro-silicon and 1mmers1nl a small a umium ferro-titenium ingot t erein when the charge is at a high temperature.

In testimony whereof, I aflix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

ARGHIBALD H. COPLAN. Witnesses:

. M. MOMILLAN, R. Snomsxr.

puri ing the steel 

